戴炜栋《三团简明英语语言学教程》第2版课后答案

dy of sounds used in linguistic communication.

Phonology: the study of how sounds are put together and used to convey meaning in communication.

Morphology: the study of the way in which the symbols are arranged and combined to form words.

Syntax: the study of the rules in the combination of words to form grammatically permissible sentences in languages.

Semantics: the study of meaning.

Pragmatics: the study of meaning in the context of language use.

卷舌：对语法交际中都所使用的语音的研究课题。

音系学：对在交际中都语音是如何被组合在一起、如何用来引导涵义等难题的研究课题。

形态学：对于语法符号的排列模式和构词的组合模式的研究课题。

句新闻学：对支配者包含语法所受限制的句子的单词的组合的规范的研究课题。

自然语辞：对于涵义的研究课题。

问句学：对具体口语中都语法的涵义的研究课题。

2. Macro-linguistics (from the relation with other fields)（表征语新闻学）

Sociolinguistics: the study of all social aspects of language and its relation with society form the core of the branch.

Psycholinguistics: the study of language and its relation with psychology.

Applied linguistics: The study of the applications of language to the solution of practical problems. Narrowly, it is the application of linguistic theories and principles to language teaching, especially the teaching of foreign and second languages.

社会制度语新闻学：对语法的所有社会制度层面以及它与社会制度的亲密关系的研究课题。

心理语新闻学：对语法及它与心理的亲密关系的研究课题。

领域语新闻学：对领域语法解决实际难题的研究课题，如用于恢复辞语等。从狭义上来讲，领域语新闻学指的是将语新闻学原理和应当用到语法教学活动中都，尤其是外语和第二语法教学活动。

III. Some important distinctions in linguistics（语新闻学中都一些不可或缺的区分）

1. Descriptive vs. Prescriptive（描述式与规定式）

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